There are brands or products that have made history, whose approaches and philosophies have revolutionised design logic and production methods, finding solutions so innovative that they promote and determine a profound transformation that is not only technological in the sectors in which they operate, but also a cultural and social evolution, influencing customs and habits, affecting and improving people’s daily life. Many of these objects were the starting point, or even better, the springboard, which allowed industrial design to evolve into contemporary style. In some cases they were inspired by the founding artistic movements of contemporary design, such as the historic German school of art and design Bauhaus, founded in 1919 by Walter Gropius who promoted research that combined aesthetic form with practical functionality, and also involved industry and technology.
有些品牌或产品是历史的创造者，其设计方法与理念颠覆了传统设计逻辑和生产方式。它们带来高度创新的解决方案，掀起了所处行业的深刻技术变革，不仅推动了文化和社会的演变，而且影响了风俗习惯乃至人们的日常生活。它们中的许多发挥了抛砖引玉的作用，开始将现代风格引入工业设计。在某些情况下，很多产品设计的灵感来源于当代设计的先锋艺术风格，例如历史悠久的德国艺术设计学院包豪斯，由Walter Gropius创办于1919年，他致力于将美学形式与实用功能相结合，研究范围涵盖工业和技术领域。

For this reason we have chosen to offer you the history of design by presenting the iconic products of four brands that have helped to promote innovation in their respective sectors - furniture home appliances, home & interiors, technology - while at the same time promoting social and cultural evolution: Braun, Apple, Vitra and Artemide.
接下来，我们将介绍来自Braun 、Apple 、Vitra和Artemide的标志性产品，借此呈现设计的发展历程。这四个品牌不仅引领了家具、家电、家居和技术领域的革新，而且推动了社会和文化变迁。

Braun, founded in 1928, became a global reference for design starting from the Sixties following the collaboration with the legendary designer Dieter Rams. His design philosophy starts from the ‘Less is more’ concept of Mies Van Der Rohe, German designer and architect, for a period president of the Bauhaus, according to which form follows function and not the other way around, to evolve into “Less, but better". This new design approach can be considered a pioneering theory of the current focus on sustainability and is expressed in the famous ten rules underlying its (good) design: Good design is innovative. Good design makes a useful product. Good design is aesthetic. Good design helps us understand a product. Good design is discreet. Good design is honest. Good design lasts. Good design is good down to the last detail. Good design is environmentally friendly. Good design is designed as minimally as possible.
Braun 成立于1928年，自上世纪60年代与传奇设计师Dieter Rams合作起，便始终是全球设计典范。Rams秉持“简约而不简单”的设计理念，这种理念源自德国设计师兼建筑师Mies Van Der Rohe提出的“少即是多”的概念，即功能应大于形式。当前热门的可持续性设计可以说是Rams设计理念的延续，除此之外，他还提出了著名的“优秀设计十诫”：优秀的设计是创新的。优秀的设计使产品实用。优秀的设计是美的。优秀的设计使产品通俗易懂。优秀的设计是谦虚的。优秀的设计是诚实的。优秀的设计历久弥新。优秀的设计注重细节。优秀的设计环境友好。优秀的设计极度简约。

Rams’ design philosophy creates the conditions for the development of increasingly advanced home appliances and conditions the world market for appliances. Many industrial designs would be inspired by its products and methodology, including Jonathan "Jony” Ive, Apple’s Chief Design Officer until 2019 who designed some of the most iconic products of the brand. The objects and two key principles of the Bauhaus - unity of art and technology, and form of the object derived from function - also strongly influenced Steve Jobs and his idea of design to which is added a design approach that starts from the user experience: technology must offer the user a total and interesting experience, capable of improving their life.
Rams的设计理念为家电技术的精进指引了方向，也为全球家电市场的发展创造了条件。许多工业设计师都曾受到包豪斯的产品和策略的启发，包括2019年从Apple 离职的前首席设计师Jonathan Ive（又名Jony Ive），他曾为Apple 设计了多款极具代表性的产品。Steve Jobs的设计理念同样源自包豪斯的作品和两大关键原则——艺术与技术相统一、产品形式源于产品功能。他还从用户体验的角度出发设计产品，认为技术必须为用户提供全面而有趣的体验，并能够提升用户生活。

Selectivity, rigor and functionality often combined with irony and formal experimentation, the use of colour - including the lively palettes interpreted with refinement and elegance - identify the European Vitra, whose business began in 1953, when the company founder Willi Fehlbaum, discovered the chairs created by the designer couple Charles and Ray Eames during a trip to the United States, and decided to move into furnishing. The history of Vitra, which has always offered itself as a stimulating environment oriented towards innovation, is made up of the search for new talents and the most significant projects that have later become unique pieces, many of which have introduced important innovative elements in the category to which they belong. For this reason it has always been inclined to present a limited number of pieces with strong characterisation. This particular tendency is very much expressed in the seating category.
1953年，Willi Fehlbaum在美国旅行时发现了由设计师夫妇Charles和Ray Eames设计的椅子，因而决定进军家具领域，欧洲品牌Vitra由此诞生。Vitra擅长以出人意料的形式呈现产品的选择性、严谨性和功能性，加上对色彩的大胆运用，尽显精致与高雅。Vitra向来矢志创新，致力于吸纳设计新秀并推进关键项目，由此打造出一件件独一无二的作品，为各类目引入重要创新元素。因此，Vitra的作品往往数量有限，但辨识度很高。这种独特趋势在座椅类目尤为明显。

The individual and their needs, with the aim of improving quality of life and sense of well-being, are also at the centre of the vision of Artemide, an Italian company founded in 1960 by Ernesto Gismondi and Sergio Mazza, today a world reference point in production of high quality lamps. The Artemide brand is famous for its detailed attention to design and to the technical and aesthetic qualities of its products. Its popularity grew from the earliest years of its activities, thanks to the collaboration of certain Italian designers and architects to which world famous designers and new talents have been added over the years. Prompted by a pioneering spirit and by the continuous push towards research and innovation - deriving from the previous work experience of Gismondi, a graduate in space engineering, in the area of space and rocket techniques - the brand stands out for its experimentation with new techniques and new materials made easily accessible to people. With the aim of putting light at the service of man and his needs.
1960年，Ernesto Gismondi和Sergio Mazza共同创立了意大利品牌Artemide。该品牌强调以人为本，致力于提高人们的生活质量和幸福感，如今已发展成为全球高端灯具标杆品牌。Artemide凭借其在产品设计、技术质量和美学表现方面的精益求精而闻名于世。得益于与意大利设计师和建筑师的合作，Artemide自创立起，知名度持续提升。多年来，全球著名设计师和新秀不断加入该品牌。品牌创立者Gismondi毕业于航天工程专业，拥有航天与火箭技术领域的工作经验。在他的带领下，Artemide秉持开拓精神，不断推动研究与创新，最终凭借新技术和新材料脱颖而出，为人们带来了便捷易用的产品。Artemide的宗旨是让照明为人们及其诉求服务。

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